SUMMARY

Characteristics of inclusions and forming temperature of granitoids,
 tin-wolfram and gold ores in Việt Nam

                                                                                                                   Hoàng Sao

Inclusions are formed in the crystallizing process of minerals. They have been subdivided into 3 groups: solid, gas and liquid-mixed inclusions. Based on the forming time of inclusions in comparision to containing them minerals, they can be subdivided into: primary, primary-secondary and secondary inclusions. At present, the methods of homogenization, cryometry, decrepitation and chemico-physical method have been used in the study on inclusion types, aiming to determine the quantitative chemico-physical parameters (temperature, composition, pressure) of the mineral-forming environment, basing on this one can interprete precisely many geological problems.

The study on different types of inclusions in quartz of granitoids of the Trúc Khê - Núi Điệng and Thiện Kế massifs and in veins of tin-wolfram, gold ores in Việt Nam by the methods of homogenization and decrepitation has been reaching some following results:

- Granitoids of the Trúc Khê - Núi Điệng and Thiện Kế massifs contain primary crystallyzed and glassy inclusions having the forming temperature of from 600-700 to 980°C;

- Inclusions within quartz of tin-wolfram ores in Việt Nam is abundant and diversified, usually composed of 5 types of primary inclusions: gas, gas-liquid, polyphase, liquid-carbonic and liquid-gas, formed in two stages: pneumatogene-hydrothermal (300-500°C) at the pressure of 650-1300 At, and hydrothermal in high-medium temperature (145-390°C) at the pressure of 750-1210 At. The highly concentrated tin-wolfram ores, usually of industrial significance, were formed in the hydrothermal stage of high-medium temperature (145-390°C);

- Inclusions within quartz of primary gold type in Việt Nam are abundant and polymorphic, usually occurring in 3 primary types: gas-liquid, liquid-gas and polyphase, formed in the hydrothermal stage of high-medium (230-370°C) and medium-low (120-290°C) temperatures. The highly concentrated primary gold ores, usually of industrial significance were formed in the hydrothermal stage of medium-low temperature (120-290°C).

Ngày nhận bài: 15/12/2007

Người biên tập: Phan Trường Thị